• Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is in Central Africa.
• Borders: Libya (north), Sudan (east), Central African Republic (south), Cameroon and Nigeria (southwest), Niger (west).
• Population: 20 million; 1.6 million in the capital, N'Djamena.
• Area: Roughly 1,300,000 km², fifth largest in Africa.

• Official languages: French (government and education) and Arabic.
• Over 200 ethnic and linguistic groups.
• Predominant religions: Islam (55.1%) and Christianity (41.1%).

• Human settlement began in the 7th millennium BC.
• French colonization completed by 1920; independence in 1960 led by François Tombalbaye.
• Civil war began in 1965; Hissène Habré overthrown in 1990.
• Political instability continues with ongoing violence and coups.

• Transitional Military Council after Déby's death in 2021, dissolved Assembly.
• Ranked among the world's poorest nations with a low Human Development Index.
• Main export: crude oil; prevalent poverty and poor human rights record.

List of newspapers published in Chad.