• Officially the Republic of Burundi, landlocked in East Africa.
• Population over 14 million, bordered by Rwanda, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
• Political capital: Gitega; Economic capital: Bujumbura.

• Home to the Twa, Hutu, and Tutsi peoples for over 500 years.
• Became part of German East Africa in 1885; later a Belgian mandate.
• Gained independence in 1962; monarchy replaced by a one-party republic in 1966.

• Tutsi dictators ruled for 27 years, leading to the Hutu genocide in 1972.
• First Hutu president, Melchior Ndadaye, assassinated in 1993, sparking a civil war.
• The CNDD–FDD party has been dominant since post-war elections in 2005.

• Most of the population lives in rural areas, mainly reliant on subsistence agriculture.
• Major challenges: poverty, corruption, instability, and deforestation.
• Member of various international organizations, including the African Union and UN.

List of newspapers published in Burundi.