• Country in southeastern Arabian Peninsula
• Borders Saudi Arabia, UAE, Yemen; maritime borders with Iran, Pakistan
• Coastline along Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman
• Population: approximately 5.46 million
• Area: 315,331 km², third largest on Arabian Peninsula

• Oldest independent state in Arab world, ruled by Al Bu Said dynasty since 1744
• Major power in 17th century, expelled Portuguese, established empire
• Peak influence in the 19th century extended across Strait of Hormuz and beyond

• 22nd largest oil reserves globally
• Recognized as most improved country in development by UN in 2010
• Reliant on fossil fuels and also involved in tourism and agriculture
• Classified as high-income economy

• Absolute monarchy, sultan serves as head of state and government
• Council of Ministers exercises executive authority
• Recent sultan Haitham bin Tariq since 2020, following Qaboos bin Said
• Member of various international organizations

List of newspapers published in Oman.