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Mozambique Overview
- Officially the Republic of Mozambique in Southeast Africa.
- Bordered by the Indian Ocean, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Eswatini, and South Africa.
- Capital city is Maputo.
Historical Background
- Swahili port towns emerged between the 7th and 11th centuries.
- Portuguese colonization began with Vasco da Gama's voyage in 1498 and settlement in 1505.
- Gained independence in 1975; faced civil war from 1977 to 1992.
Economic Situation
- Economy based on fisheries, agriculture, and growing industries.
- Tourism sector expanding; significant GDP growth since 2001, but inequality rising since 2014/15.
- Remains one of the poorest countries, low GDP per capita and life expectancy.
Demographics
- Population around 34.8 million, primarily Bantu ethnic groups.
- Portuguese is the official language; local languages include Tsonga and Makhuwa.
- Predominantly Christian, with minority Islam and traditional religions.
